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Building Reports in BI Tools

Lesson 4: Building Reports in BI Tools

What do BI tools do?

Business intelligence tools connect to data sources and let users create reports, charts, filters, and interactive dashboards.

Tool

Strengths

Calculation language

Notes

Power BIStrong Microsoft/Excel integration, data modellingDAX (measures), Power Query M (data prep)Power BI Desktop is free; sharing typically needs a paid licence
TableauFlexible, strong visual explorationCalculated fields, LOD expressionsTableau Public is free for public data
Looker StudioFree, integrates easily with Google productsCalculated fieldsGood for marketing and web analytics reports

The right choice depends on existing systems, data access, cost, and the team's skills. Core concepts transfer between tools.

A practical workflow

Step

What to do

1. ConnectLink to the data source (database, spreadsheet, warehouse)
2. PrepareCheck data types; clean or transform if needed
3. ModelDefine relationships between tables (e.g., orders → customers)
4. CalculateCreate or verify measures (revenue, AOV, conversion rate)
5. VisualiseBuild charts that answer the users' questions
6. ArrangeLay out the page around the user's workflow
7. TestCheck filters, totals, and edge cases
8. ValidateCompare numbers with a trusted query or source report
9. PublishShare with the right permissions and refresh schedule

Calculated fields

A calculated field creates a new value from existing data.

Calculation

Typical formula

Watch out for

Average order valueRevenue ÷ distinct ordersRefunds, cancelled orders, line-item grain
Conversion rateOrders ÷ visitorsDenominator definition
Growth %(Current − previous) ÷ previousDivision by zero; partial periods
Profit margin(Revenue − cost) ÷ revenueWhich costs are included

Ratios must be calculated at the right level. Averaging row-level ratios is not the same as dividing total revenue by total orders.

Sharing and permissions

  • Who can view the dashboard? Apply role-based access.
  • Does the data contain personal or commercially sensitive information?
  • Use row-level security if different users should see different data (e.g., each regional manager sees only their region).
  • Test refresh schedules and credentials after publishing. Don't assume they work.

Common mistakes

Mistake

Effect

Wrong relationships between tablesDuplicated rows and inflated totals
Wrong aggregation (SUM vs AVERAGE vs COUNT)Misleading figures
Averaging averagesIncorrect overall rates
No validation against sourceErrors reach decision-makers
Broken refreshStale data presented as current

A dashboard can look correct but be analytically wrong. Validate both the numbers and the user experience.

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Data Analytics Tutorial

Data Analytics Tutorial

MODULE 1 : Foundations of Data Analytics
lessonIntroduction - Foundations of Data Analytics
lessonWhat is Data Analystics
lessonTypes of Data Analytics
lessonThe Data Analytics Workflow
lessonData Types, Sources, and Structure
lessonTurning a Business Request into an Analytical Question
MODULE 2 : Spreadsheets and Practical Data Handling
lessoniIntroduction - Spreadsheets and Practical Data Handling
lessonUnderstanding Spreadsheet Structure
lessonFormulas and Cell References
lessonEssential Functions for Analysis
lessonSorting, Filtering, and Data Validation
lessonLookups and Pivot Tables
MODULE 3 : SQL for Data Analytics
lessonSQL for Data Analytics - Introduction
lessonDatabases and Your First SQL Query
lessonFiltering, Sorting, and Limiting Results
lessonAggregate Functions and GROUP BY
lessonJoining Related Tables
lessonCASE, Subqueries, and CTEs
MODULE 4 : Python for Data Analytics
lessonPython for Data Analytics Introduction
lessonPython Basics for Analysts
lessonConditions, Loops, and Functions
lessonReading and Inspecting Data with pandas
lessonCleaning and Transforming Data
lessonGrouping, Summaries, and Visualisation
MODULE 5 : Statistics for Data Analytics
lessonStatistics for Data Analytics Introduction
lessonDescriptive Statistics
lessonDistributions, Percentiles, and Outliers
lessonSampling and Uncertainty
lessonHypothesis Testing and Confidence Intervals
lessonCorrelation, Regression, and Causation
MODULE 6 : Data Visualization Reporting and Dashboards
lessonData Visualisation, Reporting, and Dashboards Introduction
lessonChoosing the Right Chart
lessonVisual Design and Avoiding Misleading Charts
lessonKPIs and Dashboard Planning
lessonBuilding Reports in BI Tools
lessonPresenting an Insight and Recommendation
MODULE 7 : Exploratory Data Analysis and Data Cleaning
lessonExploratory Data Analysis and Data Cleaning - Introduction
lessonStarting an Exploratory Data Analysis
lessonMissing Values and Their Meaning
lesson Duplicates, Inconsistent Labels, and Data Types
lesson Outliers and Validation Rules
lessonA Reproducible Cleaning Pipeline
MODULE 8 : Business Product and Marketing Analytics
lessonBusiness, Product, and Marketing Analytics Introduction
lessonSales and Revenue Analytics
lessonCustomer Retention and Churn
lessonMarketing Funnel and Campaign Analytics
lessonProduct Analytics and User Journeys
lessonOperational Analytics and Root-Cause Investigation
MODULE 9 : Advanced Analytics - Forecasting and Machine Learning Basics
lessonAdvanced Analytics, Forecasting, and Machine Learning Basics - Introduction
lessonForecasting and Time-Series Basics
lessonRegression and Classification
lessonClustering and Segmentation
lessonModel Evaluation and Choosing Metrics
lessonOverfitting, Leakage, and Responsible Modelling
MODULE 10 : Data Workflows - Warehousing and Professional Practice
lessonData Workflows, Warehousing, and Professional Practice - Introduction
lessonOperational Databases and Data Warehouses
lessonETL, ELT, and Data Pipelines
lessonAutomation, Scheduling, and Monitoring
lessonDocumentation, Version Control, and Collaboration
lessonPrivacy, Governance, and Ethical Practice
MODULE 11 : Final Lesson: Bringing It All Together
lessonFinal Lesson: Bringing It All Together

Learn via Video Course

Data Analysis and Processing with Python using Pandas - Data Science Course Logo

Data Analysis and Processing with Python using Pandas - Data Science Course

5 hrs

Get in Touch For Details

Data Analytics Tutorial

MODULE 1 : Foundations of Data Analytics
lessonIntroduction - Foundations of Data Analytics
lessonWhat is Data Analystics
lessonTypes of Data Analytics
lessonThe Data Analytics Workflow
lessonData Types, Sources, and Structure
lessonTurning a Business Request into an Analytical Question
MODULE 2 : Spreadsheets and Practical Data Handling
lessoniIntroduction - Spreadsheets and Practical Data Handling
lessonUnderstanding Spreadsheet Structure
lessonFormulas and Cell References
lessonEssential Functions for Analysis
lessonSorting, Filtering, and Data Validation
lessonLookups and Pivot Tables
MODULE 3 : SQL for Data Analytics
lessonSQL for Data Analytics - Introduction
lessonDatabases and Your First SQL Query
lessonFiltering, Sorting, and Limiting Results
lessonAggregate Functions and GROUP BY
lessonJoining Related Tables
lessonCASE, Subqueries, and CTEs
MODULE 4 : Python for Data Analytics
lessonPython for Data Analytics Introduction
lessonPython Basics for Analysts
lessonConditions, Loops, and Functions
lessonReading and Inspecting Data with pandas
lessonCleaning and Transforming Data
lessonGrouping, Summaries, and Visualisation
MODULE 5 : Statistics for Data Analytics
lessonStatistics for Data Analytics Introduction
lessonDescriptive Statistics
lessonDistributions, Percentiles, and Outliers
lessonSampling and Uncertainty
lessonHypothesis Testing and Confidence Intervals
lessonCorrelation, Regression, and Causation
MODULE 6 : Data Visualization Reporting and Dashboards
lessonData Visualisation, Reporting, and Dashboards Introduction
lessonChoosing the Right Chart
lessonVisual Design and Avoiding Misleading Charts
lessonKPIs and Dashboard Planning
lessonBuilding Reports in BI Tools
lessonPresenting an Insight and Recommendation
MODULE 7 : Exploratory Data Analysis and Data Cleaning
lessonExploratory Data Analysis and Data Cleaning - Introduction
lessonStarting an Exploratory Data Analysis
lessonMissing Values and Their Meaning
lesson Duplicates, Inconsistent Labels, and Data Types
lesson Outliers and Validation Rules
lessonA Reproducible Cleaning Pipeline
MODULE 8 : Business Product and Marketing Analytics
lessonBusiness, Product, and Marketing Analytics Introduction
lessonSales and Revenue Analytics
lessonCustomer Retention and Churn
lessonMarketing Funnel and Campaign Analytics
lessonProduct Analytics and User Journeys
lessonOperational Analytics and Root-Cause Investigation
MODULE 9 : Advanced Analytics - Forecasting and Machine Learning Basics
lessonAdvanced Analytics, Forecasting, and Machine Learning Basics - Introduction
lessonForecasting and Time-Series Basics
lessonRegression and Classification
lessonClustering and Segmentation
lessonModel Evaluation and Choosing Metrics
lessonOverfitting, Leakage, and Responsible Modelling
MODULE 10 : Data Workflows - Warehousing and Professional Practice
lessonData Workflows, Warehousing, and Professional Practice - Introduction
lessonOperational Databases and Data Warehouses
lessonETL, ELT, and Data Pipelines
lessonAutomation, Scheduling, and Monitoring
lessonDocumentation, Version Control, and Collaboration
lessonPrivacy, Governance, and Ethical Practice
MODULE 11 : Final Lesson: Bringing It All Together
lessonFinal Lesson: Bringing It All Together

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HCL GUVI (Grab Your Vernacular Imprint) Geek Network Private Limited is a leading online learning and skills development company, incubated by IIT Madras and IIM Ahmedabad.

Established in 2014 and acquired by the HCL Group in 2022, HCL GUVI is dedicated to providing effective and high-quality learning and skilling programs that transcend language barriers in technology education. HCL GUVI today is trusted by over 4.8 million users, 20 languages and 2500+ corporate partners.

app storeplay store
Refer & Earn

HCL GUVI (Grab Your Vernacular Imprint) Geek Network Private Limited is a leading online learning and skills development company, incubated by IIT Madras and IIM Ahmedabad.

Established in 2014 and acquired by the HCL Group in 2022, HCL GUVI is dedicated to providing effective and high-quality learning and skilling programs that transcend language barriers in technology education. HCL GUVI today is trusted by over 4.8 million users, 20 languages and 2500+ corporate partners.

app storeplay storeRefer & Earn
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